Global GridBotswana's energy mix and electricity
🇧🇼 In 2024, Botswana generated 3.43 TWh of electricity. Almost all of it, 98%, came from coal. In total, 0.3% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 100% from fossil fuels.
On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 851 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), far above the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Botswana the 153rd cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Electricity demand was 4.67 TWh. Botswana imported 1.24 TWh more electricity than it exported, equal to 27% of its demand.
Since 2000, electricity generation has grown by 201%, from 1.14 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 0% to 0%.
Live, hour-by-hour figures for Botswana are not connected yet. The dashboard shows its yearly figures, energy mix since 2000 and interconnector trade.
Energy mix in 2024
- Coal 98%
- Oil and other fossil fuels 1.5%
- Solar 0.3%
| Source | Share | Generated |
|---|---|---|
| Coal | 98% | 3.37 TWh |
| Oil and other fossil fuels | 1.5% | 0.05 TWh |
| Solar | 0.3% | 0.01 TWh |
Energy security score
Vulnerable. Botswana ranks 148th of 158 countries and 32nd of 35 in Africa. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted. It is based on 4 of the 5 measures.
| Measure | Score |
|---|---|
| Produces its own energy No reliable figure exists for Botswana, so this measure is left out and the other four count for more. | n/a |
| Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, coal, made 98%. | 4 |
| Little reliance on imported power Net imports were 27% of demand; each 1% takes off 2 points. | 47 |
| Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 0.3% of generation. | 0 |
| Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 1.5% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share. | 99 |
The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.
Oil and gas pipelines
For liquefied natural gas (LNG), shipped by sea, it lists 0 export terminals operating (2 more being built or proposed).
See them on the interactive map · Pipelines around the world
How it has changed
| Year | Generated | Low-carbon | Fossil | CO₂ g/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 1.14 TWh | 0% | 100% | 851 |
| 2005 | 1.06 TWh | 0% | 100% | 858 |
| 2010 | 0.53 TWh | 0% | 100% | 849 |
| 2015 | 2.97 TWh | 0% | 100% | 848 |
| 2020 | 2.18 TWh | 1% | 99% | 849 |
| 2023 | 3.23 TWh | 0% | 100% | 854 |
| 2024 | 3.43 TWh | 0% | 100% | 851 |
Questions about Botswana's energy
What is Botswana's energy mix?
In 2024, Botswana's electricity came from coal 98% and oil and other fossil fuels 1.5%.
How much of Botswana's electricity is renewable?
0.3% of its electricity came from renewables in 2024.
What is Botswana's main source of electricity?
Coal, which made 98% of its electricity in 2024.
How clean is Botswana's electricity?
About 851 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2024, far above the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 153rd cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Does Botswana import electricity?
Yes: in 2024 it imported 1.24 TWh more than it exported, 27% of its demand.
How secure is Botswana's energy supply?
Global Grid's energy security score for Botswana is 36 out of 100 (vulnerable), 148th of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.
Other countries in Africa
Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2024; pipelines and LNG terminals from Global Energy Monitor's Global Oil Infrastructure Tracker (June 2026 release) and Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker (November 2025 release) (CC BY 4.0). Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).