Global GridEthiopia's energy mix and electricity
🇪🇹 In 2025, Ethiopia generated 33.4 TWh of electricity. Almost all of it, 97%, came from hydro. In total, 100% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 0% from fossil fuels.
On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 23 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), far below the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Ethiopia the 1st cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Electricity demand was 31.0 TWh. Ethiopia exported 2.35 TWh more electricity than it imported.
Since 2000, electricity generation has grown by 1,876%, from 1.69 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 98% to 100%. The biggest rise was in wind, from 0% to 3% of generation. Carbon intensity fell from 36 to 23 grams per kWh.
Live, hour-by-hour figures for Ethiopia are not connected yet. The dashboard shows its yearly figures, energy mix since 2000 and interconnector trade.
Energy mix in 2025
- Hydro 97%
- Wind 3.3%
- Solar 0.1%
- Geothermal 0.1%
| Source | Share | Generated |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 97% | 32.2 TWh |
| Wind | 3.3% | 1.10 TWh |
| Solar | 0.1% | 0.03 TWh |
| Geothermal | 0.1% | 0.03 TWh |
Energy security score
Strong. Ethiopia ranks 45th of 158 countries and 7th of 35 in Africa. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted. It is based on 4 of the 5 measures.
| Measure | Score |
|---|---|
| Produces its own energy No reliable figure exists for Ethiopia, so this measure is left out and the other four count for more. | n/a |
| Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, hydro, made 97%. | 8 |
| Little reliance on imported power Ethiopia exported more electricity than it imported, so it scores full marks. | 100 |
| Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 100% of generation. | 100 |
| Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 0% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share. | 100 |
The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.
How it has changed
| Year | Generated | Low-carbon | Fossil | CO₂ g/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 1.69 TWh | 98% | 1% | 36 |
| 2005 | 2.88 TWh | 100% | 0% | 31 |
| 2010 | 5.01 TWh | 98% | 1% | 32 |
| 2015 | 10.4 TWh | 99% | 0% | 24 |
| 2020 | 15.6 TWh | 100% | 0% | 24 |
| 2024 | 25.2 TWh | 100% | 0% | 23 |
| 2025 | 33.4 TWh | 100% | 0% | 23 |
Questions about Ethiopia's energy
What is Ethiopia's energy mix?
In 2025, Ethiopia's electricity came from hydro 97% and wind 3.3%.
How much of Ethiopia's electricity is renewable?
100% of its electricity came from renewables in 2025 (hydro 97% and wind 3.3%).
What is Ethiopia's main source of electricity?
Hydro, which made 97% of its electricity in 2025.
How clean is Ethiopia's electricity?
About 23 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2025, far below the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 1st cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Does Ethiopia import electricity?
It is a net exporter: in 2025 it exported 2.35 TWh more electricity than it imported.
How secure is Ethiopia's energy supply?
Global Grid's energy security score for Ethiopia is 74 out of 100 (strong), 45th of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.
Other countries in Africa
Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2025. Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).