Global GridSudan's energy mix and electricity
🇸🇩 In 2024, Sudan generated 14.8 TWh of electricity. The largest source was hydro at 78%, followed by oil and other fossil fuels (20%) and solar (1.1%). In total, 80% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 20% from fossil fuels.
On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 154 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), far below the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Sudan the 36th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Electricity demand was 15.6 TWh. Sudan imported 0.80 TWh more electricity than it exported, equal to 5.1% of its demand.
Since 2000, electricity generation has grown by 483%, from 2.54 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 50% to 80%. The biggest rise was in hydro, from 46% to 78% of generation. The biggest fall was in oil and other fossil fuels, from 50% to 20%. Carbon intensity fell from 350 to 154 grams per kWh.
Live, hour-by-hour figures for Sudan are not connected yet. The dashboard shows its yearly figures, energy mix since 2000 and interconnector trade.
Energy mix in 2024
- Hydro 78%
- Oil and other fossil fuels 20%
- Solar 1.1%
- Bioenergy 0.7%
| Source | Share | Generated |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 78% | 11.5 TWh |
| Oil and other fossil fuels | 20% | 3.00 TWh |
| Solar | 1.1% | 0.16 TWh |
| Bioenergy | 0.7% | 0.10 TWh |
Energy security score
Strong. Sudan ranks 59th of 158 countries and 14th of 35 in Africa. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted. It is based on 4 of the 5 measures.
| Measure | Score |
|---|---|
| Produces its own energy No reliable figure exists for Sudan, so this measure is left out and the other four count for more. | n/a |
| Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, hydro, made 78%. | 40 |
| Little reliance on imported power Net imports were 5.1% of demand; each 1% takes off 2 points. | 90 |
| Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 80% of generation. | 80 |
| Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 20% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share. | 80 |
The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.
Oil and gas pipelines
Global Energy Monitor lists 2,427 km of oil and gas pipelines operating in Sudan, 0 km being built and 0 km proposed (lengths measured along the mapped routes; a pipeline crossing borders counts in full for each country).
See them on the interactive map · Pipelines around the world
How it has changed
| Year | Generated | Low-carbon | Fossil | CO₂ g/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 2.54 TWh | 50% | 50% | 350 |
| 2005 | 3.96 TWh | 36% | 65% | 442 |
| 2010 | 7.58 TWh | 83% | 17% | 137 |
| 2015 | 13.1 TWh | 65% | 35% | 250 |
| 2020 | 17.2 TWh | 65% | 35% | 248 |
| 2023 | 14.5 TWh | 81% | 19% | 146 |
| 2024 | 14.8 TWh | 80% | 20% | 154 |
Questions about Sudan's energy
What is Sudan's energy mix?
In 2024, Sudan's electricity came from hydro 78%, oil and other fossil fuels 20%, solar 1.1% and bioenergy 0.7%.
How much of Sudan's electricity is renewable?
80% of its electricity came from renewables in 2024 (hydro 78%, solar 1.1% and bioenergy 0.7%).
What is Sudan's main source of electricity?
Hydro, which made 78% of its electricity in 2024.
How clean is Sudan's electricity?
About 154 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2024, far below the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 36th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Does Sudan import electricity?
Yes: in 2024 it imported 0.80 TWh more than it exported, 5.1% of its demand.
How secure is Sudan's energy supply?
Global Grid's energy security score for Sudan is 71 out of 100 (strong), 59th of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.
Other countries in Africa
Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2024; pipelines and LNG terminals from Global Energy Monitor's Global Oil Infrastructure Tracker (June 2026 release) and Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker (November 2025 release) (CC BY 4.0). Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).