Global GridKenya's energy mix and electricity
🇰🇪 In 2025, Kenya generated 14.0 TWh of electricity. The largest source was geothermal at 46%, followed by hydro (21%) and wind (16%). In total, 90% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 10% from fossil fuels.
On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 95 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), far below the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Kenya the 20th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Electricity demand was 15.6 TWh. Kenya imported 1.54 TWh more electricity than it exported, equal to 9.9% of its demand.
Since 2000, electricity generation has grown by 225%, from 4.31 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 40% to 90%. The biggest rise was in geothermal, from 10% to 46% of generation. The biggest fall was in oil and other fossil fuels, from 60% to 10%. Carbon intensity fell from 404 to 95 grams per kWh.
Live, hour-by-hour figures for Kenya are not connected yet. The dashboard shows its yearly figures, energy mix since 2000 and interconnector trade.
Energy mix in 2025
- Geothermal 46%
- Hydro 21%
- Wind 16%
- Oil and other fossil fuels 10%
- Solar 4.6%
- Bioenergy 2.1%
| Source | Share | Generated |
|---|---|---|
| Geothermal | 46% | 6.43 TWh |
| Hydro | 21% | 2.93 TWh |
| Wind | 16% | 2.30 TWh |
| Oil and other fossil fuels | 10% | 1.40 TWh |
| Solar | 4.6% | 0.64 TWh |
| Bioenergy | 2.1% | 0.29 TWh |
Energy security score
Strong. Kenya ranks 9th of 158 countries and 1st of 35 in Africa. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted. It is based on 4 of the 5 measures.
| Measure | Score |
|---|---|
| Produces its own energy No reliable figure exists for Kenya, so this measure is left out and the other four count for more. | n/a |
| Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, geothermal, made 46%. | 79 |
| Little reliance on imported power Net imports were 9.9% of demand; each 1% takes off 2 points. | 80 |
| Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 90% of generation. | 90 |
| Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 10% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share. | 90 |
The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.
Oil and gas pipelines
Global Energy Monitor lists 0 km of oil and gas pipelines operating in Kenya, 0 km being built and 2,184 km proposed (lengths measured along the mapped routes; a pipeline crossing borders counts in full for each country). For liquefied natural gas (LNG), shipped by sea, it lists 0 import terminals operating (1 more being built or proposed).
See them on the interactive map · Pipelines around the world
How it has changed
| Year | Generated | Low-carbon | Fossil | CO₂ g/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 4.31 TWh | 40% | 60% | 404 |
| 2005 | 6.70 TWh | 67% | 33% | 251 |
| 2010 | 7.16 TWh | 74% | 26% | 200 |
| 2015 | 9.81 TWh | 91% | 10% | 104 |
| 2020 | 11.7 TWh | 93% | 6% | 72 |
| 2024 | 13.3 TWh | 91% | 9% | 85 |
| 2025 | 14.0 TWh | 90% | 10% | 95 |
Questions about Kenya's energy
What is Kenya's energy mix?
In 2025, Kenya's electricity came from geothermal 46%, hydro 21%, wind 16% and oil and other fossil fuels 10%.
How much of Kenya's electricity is renewable?
90% of its electricity came from renewables in 2025 (geothermal 46%, hydro 21%, wind 16% and solar 4.6%).
What is Kenya's main source of electricity?
Geothermal, which made 46% of its electricity in 2025.
How clean is Kenya's electricity?
About 95 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2025, far below the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 20th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Does Kenya import electricity?
Yes: in 2025 it imported 1.54 TWh more than it exported, 9.9% of its demand.
How secure is Kenya's energy supply?
Global Grid's energy security score for Kenya is 84 out of 100 (strong), 9th of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.
Other countries in Africa
Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2025; pipelines and LNG terminals from Global Energy Monitor's Global Oil Infrastructure Tracker (June 2026 release) and Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker (November 2025 release) (CC BY 4.0). Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).