Global GridMozambique's energy mix and electricity
🇲🇿 In 2024, Mozambique generated 19.8 TWh of electricity. The largest source was hydro at 82%, followed by gas (16%) and oil and other fossil fuels (0.8%). In total, 84% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 17% from fossil fuels.
On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 129 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), far below the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Mozambique the 29th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Electricity demand was 16.5 TWh. Mozambique exported 3.30 TWh more electricity than it imported.
Since 2000, electricity generation has grown by 107%, from 9.57 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 100% to 83%. The biggest rise was in gas, from 0% to 16% of generation. The biggest fall was in hydro, from 100% to 82%. Carbon intensity rose from 25 to 129 grams per kWh.
Live, hour-by-hour figures for Mozambique are not connected yet. The dashboard shows its yearly figures, energy mix since 2000 and interconnector trade.
Energy mix in 2024
- Hydro 82%
- Gas 16%
- Oil and other fossil fuels 0.8%
- Bioenergy 0.7%
- Solar 0.4%
| Source | Share | Generated |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 82% | 16.3 TWh |
| Gas | 16% | 3.13 TWh |
| Oil and other fossil fuels | 0.8% | 0.16 TWh |
| Bioenergy | 0.7% | 0.14 TWh |
| Solar | 0.4% | 0.08 TWh |
Energy security score
Strong. Mozambique ranks 49th of 158 countries and 9th of 35 in Africa. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted. It is based on 4 of the 5 measures.
| Measure | Score |
|---|---|
| Produces its own energy No reliable figure exists for Mozambique, so this measure is left out and the other four count for more. | n/a |
| Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, hydro, made 82%. | 33 |
| Little reliance on imported power Mozambique exported more electricity than it imported, so it scores full marks. | 100 |
| Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 84% of generation. | 84 |
| Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 17% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share. | 83 |
The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.
Oil and gas pipelines
Global Energy Monitor lists 910 km of oil and gas pipelines operating in Mozambique, 0 km being built and 2,466 km proposed (lengths measured along the mapped routes; a pipeline crossing borders counts in full for each country). For liquefied natural gas (LNG), shipped by sea, it lists 0 import terminals operating (1 more being built or proposed) and 1 export terminal operating (2 more being built or proposed).
See them on the interactive map · Pipelines around the world
How it has changed
| Year | Generated | Low-carbon | Fossil | CO₂ g/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 9.57 TWh | 100% | 0% | 25 |
| 2005 | 13.2 TWh | 100% | 0% | 25 |
| 2010 | 16.7 TWh | 100% | 0% | 25 |
| 2015 | 18.4 TWh | 93% | 7% | 68 |
| 2020 | 19.0 TWh | 84% | 17% | 128 |
| 2023 | 20.0 TWh | 84% | 17% | 129 |
| 2024 | 19.8 TWh | 83% | 17% | 129 |
Questions about Mozambique's energy
What is Mozambique's energy mix?
In 2024, Mozambique's electricity came from hydro 82%, gas 16%, oil and other fossil fuels 0.8% and bioenergy 0.7%.
How much of Mozambique's electricity is renewable?
84% of its electricity came from renewables in 2024 (hydro 82% and bioenergy 0.7%).
What is Mozambique's main source of electricity?
Hydro, which made 82% of its electricity in 2024.
How clean is Mozambique's electricity?
About 129 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2024, far below the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 29th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Does Mozambique import electricity?
It is a net exporter: in 2024 it exported 3.30 TWh more electricity than it imported.
How secure is Mozambique's energy supply?
Global Grid's energy security score for Mozambique is 74 out of 100 (strong), 49th of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.
Other countries in Africa
Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2024; pipelines and LNG terminals from Global Energy Monitor's Global Oil Infrastructure Tracker (June 2026 release) and Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker (November 2025 release) (CC BY 4.0). Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).