Global GridColombia's energy mix and electricity
🇨🇴 In 2025, Colombia generated 90.4 TWh of electricity. The largest source was hydro at 69%, followed by gas (14%) and coal (6.1%). In total, 77% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 23% from fossil fuels.
On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 187 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), far below the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Colombia the 43rd cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Electricity demand was 91.6 TWh. Colombia imported 1.25 TWh more electricity than it exported, equal to 1.4% of its demand.
Since 2000, electricity generation has grown by 111%, from 42.8 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 75% to 77%. The biggest rise was in solar, from 0% to 5% of generation. The biggest fall was in hydro, from 74% to 69%.
Live, hour-by-hour figures for Colombia are not connected yet. The dashboard shows its yearly figures, energy mix since 2000 and interconnector trade.
Energy mix in 2025
- Hydro 69%
- Gas 14%
- Coal 6.1%
- Solar 5.1%
- Oil and other fossil fuels 3.1%
- Bioenergy 2.6%
- Wind 0.2%
| Source | Share | Generated |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 69% | 62.6 TWh |
| Gas | 14% | 12.5 TWh |
| Coal | 6.1% | 5.51 TWh |
| Solar | 5.1% | 4.61 TWh |
| Oil and other fossil fuels | 3.1% | 2.80 TWh |
| Bioenergy | 2.6% | 2.35 TWh |
| Wind | 0.2% | 0.18 TWh |
Total energy mix in 2024
Electricity is only part of the energy Colombia uses: fuel for transport, heating and industry counts too. In 2024, Colombia used 616 TWh of energy in all (primary energy). The largest source was oil at 42%, followed by gas (22%) and hydro (22%). Fossil fuels made up 74% and low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) 26%.
- Oil 42%
- Gas 22%
- Hydro 22%
- Coal 10%
- Biofuels 1.8%
- Solar 1.3%
- Other renewables 1%
- Wind 0.1%
| Source | Share of all energy |
|---|---|
| Oil | 42% |
| Gas | 22% |
| Hydro | 22% |
| Coal | 10% |
| Biofuels | 1.8% |
| Solar | 1.3% |
| Other renewables | 1% |
| Wind | 0.1% |
Primary energy, with nuclear and renewable electricity counted as the fuel a power station would need to make it (the "substitution method"). Here "other renewables" is the Energy Institute's "geothermal, biomass and other" power generation, and biofuels are liquid fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. Source: Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0).
Energy security score
Strong. Colombia ranks 5th of 158 countries and 4th of 29 in Americas. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted.
| Measure | Score |
|---|---|
| Produces its own energy In 2024, Colombia produced energy equal to 189% of all the energy it used (100% or more scores full marks). | 100 |
| Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, hydro, made 69%. | 56 |
| Little reliance on imported power Net imports were 1.4% of demand; each 1% takes off 2 points. | 97 |
| Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 77% of generation. | 77 |
| Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 17% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share. | 83 |
The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.
Oil and gas pipelines
Global Energy Monitor lists 13,132 km of oil and gas pipelines operating in Colombia, 0 km being built and 639 km proposed (lengths measured along the mapped routes; a pipeline crossing borders counts in full for each country). For liquefied natural gas (LNG), shipped by sea, it lists 1 import terminal operating (10 more being built or proposed).
See them on the interactive map · Pipelines around the world
How it has changed
| Year | Generated | Low-carbon | Fossil | CO₂ g/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 42.8 TWh | 75% | 25% | 189 |
| 2005 | 49.9 TWh | 80% | 21% | 160 |
| 2010 | 60.2 TWh | 70% | 30% | 229 |
| 2015 | 78.0 TWh | 64% | 37% | 275 |
| 2020 | 77.8 TWh | 65% | 35% | 271 |
| 2024 | 89.1 TWh | 62% | 39% | 298 |
| 2025 | 90.4 TWh | 77% | 23% | 187 |
Questions about Colombia's energy
What is Colombia's energy mix?
In 2025, Colombia's electricity came from hydro 69%, gas 14%, coal 6.1% and solar 5.1%. Counting all the energy it uses, including fuel for transport and heating, the mix in 2024 was oil 42%, gas 22%, hydro 22% and coal 10%.
How much of Colombia's electricity is renewable?
77% of its electricity came from renewables in 2025 (hydro 69%, solar 5.1% and bioenergy 2.6%).
What is Colombia's main source of electricity?
Hydro, which made 69% of its electricity in 2025.
How clean is Colombia's electricity?
About 187 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2025, far below the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 43rd cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Does Colombia import electricity?
Yes: in 2025 it imported 1.25 TWh more than it exported, 1.4% of its demand.
How secure is Colombia's energy supply?
Global Grid's energy security score for Colombia is 85 out of 100 (strong), 5th of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.
Other countries in Latin America and Caribbean
Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2025; energy production and use by source from the Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0), 2024; pipelines and LNG terminals from Global Energy Monitor's Global Oil Infrastructure Tracker (June 2026 release) and Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker (November 2025 release) (CC BY 4.0). Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).