Global GridIraq's energy mix and electricity
🇮🇶 In 2024, Iraq generated 150 TWh of electricity. The largest source was gas at 53%, followed by oil and other fossil fuels (45%) and hydro (1.3%). In total, 1.6% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 98% from fossil fuels.
On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 683 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), above the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Iraq the 143rd cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Electricity demand was 157 TWh. Iraq imported 7.10 TWh more electricity than it exported, equal to 4.5% of its demand.
Since 2000, electricity generation has grown by 370%, from 31.9 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 2% to 1%. The biggest rise was in gas, from 19% to 53% of generation. The biggest fall was in oil and other fossil fuels, from 79% to 45%. Carbon intensity rose from 658 to 683 grams per kWh.
Live, hour-by-hour figures for Iraq are not connected yet. The dashboard shows its yearly figures, energy mix since 2000 and interconnector trade.
Energy mix in 2024
- Gas 53%
- Oil and other fossil fuels 45%
- Hydro 1.3%
- Solar 0.3%
| Source | Share | Generated |
|---|---|---|
| Gas | 53% | 79.5 TWh |
| Oil and other fossil fuels | 45% | 68.1 TWh |
| Hydro | 1.3% | 1.95 TWh |
| Solar | 0.3% | 0.45 TWh |
Total energy mix in 2024
Electricity is only part of the energy Iraq uses: fuel for transport, heating and industry counts too. In 2024, Iraq used 737 TWh of energy in all (primary energy). The largest source was oil at 73%, followed by gas (27%) and hydro (0.5%). Fossil fuels made up 99% and low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) 0.6%.
- Oil 73%
- Gas 27%
- Hydro 0.5%
- Solar 0.1%
| Source | Share of all energy |
|---|---|
| Oil | 73% |
| Gas | 27% |
| Hydro | 0.5% |
| Solar | 0.1% |
Primary energy, with nuclear and renewable electricity counted as the fuel a power station would need to make it (the "substitution method"). Here "other renewables" is the Energy Institute's "geothermal, biomass and other" power generation, and biofuels are liquid fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. Source: Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0).
Energy security score
Moderate. Iraq ranks 94th of 158 countries and 24th of 46 in Asia. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted.
| Measure | Score |
|---|---|
| Produces its own energy In 2024, Iraq produced energy equal to 357% of all the energy it used (100% or more scores full marks). | 100 |
| Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, gas, made 53%. | 58 |
| Little reliance on imported power Net imports were 4.5% of demand; each 1% takes off 2 points. | 91 |
| Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 1.6% of generation. | 2 |
| Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 98% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share. | 2 |
The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.
Oil and gas pipelines
Global Energy Monitor lists 11,190 km of oil and gas pipelines operating in Iraq, 1,211 km being built and 5,360 km proposed (lengths measured along the mapped routes; a pipeline crossing borders counts in full for each country). For liquefied natural gas (LNG), shipped by sea, it lists 0 import terminals operating (2 more being built or proposed).
See them on the interactive map · Pipelines around the world
How it has changed
| Year | Generated | Low-carbon | Fossil | CO₂ g/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 31.9 TWh | 2% | 98% | 658 |
| 2005 | 30.4 TWh | 20% | 80% | 555 |
| 2010 | 48.9 TWh | 10% | 90% | 617 |
| 2015 | 70.6 TWh | 4% | 97% | 654 |
| 2020 | 117 TWh | 4% | 96% | 674 |
| 2023 | 145 TWh | 1% | 99% | 685 |
| 2024 | 150 TWh | 1% | 98% | 683 |
Questions about Iraq's energy
What is Iraq's energy mix?
In 2024, Iraq's electricity came from gas 53%, oil and other fossil fuels 45% and hydro 1.3%. Counting all the energy it uses, including fuel for transport and heating, the mix in 2024 was oil 73%, gas 27% and hydro 0.5%.
How much of Iraq's electricity is renewable?
1.6% of its electricity came from renewables in 2024 (hydro 1.3%).
What is Iraq's main source of electricity?
Gas, which made 53% of its electricity in 2024.
How clean is Iraq's electricity?
About 683 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2024, above the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 143rd cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Does Iraq import electricity?
Yes: in 2024 it imported 7.10 TWh more than it exported, 4.5% of its demand.
How secure is Iraq's energy supply?
Global Grid's energy security score for Iraq is 60 out of 100 (moderate), 94th of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.
Other countries in Middle East
Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2024; energy production and use by source from the Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0), 2024; pipelines and LNG terminals from Global Energy Monitor's Global Oil Infrastructure Tracker (June 2026 release) and Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker (November 2025 release) (CC BY 4.0). Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).