Global GridBelarus' energy mix and electricity
🇧🇾 In 2025, Belarus generated 45.8 TWh of electricity. The largest source was gas at 55%, followed by nuclear (37%) and oil and other fossil fuels (4.1%). In total, 41% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 59% from fossil fuels.
On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 313 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), below the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Belarus the 63rd cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Electricity demand was 44.9 TWh. Belarus exported 0.90 TWh more electricity than it imported.
Since 2000, electricity generation has grown by 75%, from 26.1 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 0% to 41%. The biggest rise was in nuclear, from 0% to 37% of generation. The biggest fall was in gas, from 93% to 55%. Carbon intensity fell from 518 to 313 grams per kWh.
Live, hour-by-hour figures for Belarus are not connected yet. The dashboard shows its yearly figures, energy mix since 2000 and interconnector trade.
Energy mix in 2025
- Gas 55%
- Nuclear 37%
- Oil and other fossil fuels 4.1%
- Hydro 1.8%
- Bioenergy 1%
- Wind 0.9%
| Source | Share | Generated |
|---|---|---|
| Gas | 55% | 25.2 TWh |
| Nuclear | 37% | 16.9 TWh |
| Oil and other fossil fuels | 4.1% | 1.88 TWh |
| Hydro | 1.8% | 0.82 TWh |
| Bioenergy | 1% | 0.46 TWh |
| Wind | 0.9% | 0.41 TWh |
Total energy mix in 2024
Electricity is only part of the energy Belarus uses: fuel for transport, heating and industry counts too. In 2024, Belarus used 314 TWh of energy in all (primary energy). The largest source was gas at 54%, followed by oil (30%) and nuclear (12%). Fossil fuels made up 87% and low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) 13%.
- Gas 54%
- Oil 30%
- Nuclear 12%
- Coal 3.6%
- Other renewables 0.5%
- Hydro 0.2%
- Wind 0.1%
- Solar 0.1%
| Source | Share of all energy |
|---|---|
| Gas | 54% |
| Oil | 30% |
| Nuclear | 12% |
| Coal | 3.6% |
| Other renewables | 0.5% |
| Hydro | 0.2% |
| Wind | 0.1% |
| Solar | 0.1% |
Primary energy, with nuclear and renewable electricity counted as the fuel a power station would need to make it (the "substitution method"). Here "other renewables" is the Energy Institute's "geothermal, biomass and other" power generation, and biofuels are liquid fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. Source: Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0).
Energy security score
Vulnerable. Belarus ranks 126th of 158 countries and 33rd of 39 in Europe. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted.
| Measure | Score |
|---|---|
| Produces its own energy In 2024, Belarus produced energy equal to 13% of all the energy it used (100% or more scores full marks). | 13 |
| Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, gas, made 55%. | 63 |
| Little reliance on imported power Belarus exported more electricity than it imported, so it scores full marks. | 100 |
| Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 41% of generation. | 41 |
| Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 59% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share. | 41 |
The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.
Oil and gas pipelines
Global Energy Monitor lists 14,179 km of oil and gas pipelines operating in Belarus, 0 km being built and 0 km proposed (lengths measured along the mapped routes; a pipeline crossing borders counts in full for each country).
See them on the interactive map · Pipelines around the world
How it has changed
| Year | Generated | Low-carbon | Fossil | CO₂ g/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 26.1 TWh | 0% | 100% | 518 |
| 2005 | 31.0 TWh | 0% | 100% | 513 |
| 2010 | 34.9 TWh | 0% | 99% | 511 |
| 2015 | 34.1 TWh | 1% | 99% | 507 |
| 2020 | 38.5 TWh | 6% | 96% | 499 |
| 2024 | 45.8 TWh | 37% | 63% | 330 |
| 2025 | 45.8 TWh | 41% | 59% | 313 |
Questions about Belarus' energy
What is Belarus' energy mix?
In 2025, Belarus' electricity came from gas 55%, nuclear 37%, oil and other fossil fuels 4.1% and hydro 1.8%. Counting all the energy it uses, including fuel for transport and heating, the mix in 2024 was gas 54%, oil 30%, nuclear 12% and coal 3.6%.
How much of Belarus' electricity is renewable?
3.7% of its electricity came from renewables in 2025 (hydro 1.8%, bioenergy 1% and wind 0.9%). Including nuclear power, 41% of its electricity was low-carbon.
What is Belarus' main source of electricity?
Gas, which made 55% of its electricity in 2025.
How clean is Belarus' electricity?
About 313 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2025, below the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 63rd cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Does Belarus import electricity?
It is a net exporter: in 2025 it exported 0.90 TWh more electricity than it imported.
How secure is Belarus' energy supply?
Global Grid's energy security score for Belarus is 49 out of 100 (vulnerable), 126th of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.
Other countries in Europe
Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2025; energy production and use by source from the Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0), 2024; pipelines and LNG terminals from Global Energy Monitor's Global Oil Infrastructure Tracker (June 2026 release) and Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker (November 2025 release) (CC BY 4.0). Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).