Kosovo's energy mix and electricity

🇽🇰 In 2025, Kosovo generated 5.87 TWh of electricity. The largest source was coal at 89%, followed by wind (6.6%) and hydro (4.1%). In total, 11% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 89% from fossil fuels.

On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 903 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), far above the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Kosovo the 156th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.

Electricity demand was 7.42 TWh. Kosovo imported 1.55 TWh more electricity than it exported, equal to 21% of its demand.

Since 2000, electricity generation has grown by 98%, from 2.96 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 2% to 11%. The biggest rise was in wind, from 0% to 7% of generation. The biggest fall was in coal, from 98% to 89%. Carbon intensity fell from 990 to 903 grams per kWh.

Live, hour-by-hour figures for Kosovo are not connected yet. The dashboard shows its yearly figures, energy mix since 2000 and interconnector trade.

Energy mix in 2025

Coal 89%
Wind 6.6%
Hydro 4.1%
Oil and other fossil fuels 0.2%
Solar 0.2%

Source	Share	Generated
Coal	89%	5.22 TWh
Wind	6.6%	0.39 TWh
Hydro	4.1%	0.24 TWh
Oil and other fossil fuels	0.2%	0.01 TWh
Solar	0.2%	0.01 TWh

Energy security score

47out of 100

Vulnerable. Kosovo ranks 131st of 158 countries and 37th of 39 in Europe. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted. It is based on 4 of the 5 measures.

Measure	Score
Produces its own energy No reliable figure exists for Kosovo, so this measure is left out and the other four count for more.	n/a
Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, coal, made 89%.	23
Little reliance on imported power Net imports were 21% of demand; each 1% takes off 2 points.	58
Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 11% of generation.	11
Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 0.2% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share.	100

The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.

How it has changed

Year	Generated	Low-carbon	Fossil	CO₂ g/kWh
2000	2.96 TWh	2%	99%	990
2005	4.46 TWh	3%	98%	984
2010	5.17 TWh	3%	97%	977
2015	6.11 TWh	2%	98%	989
2020	6.70 TWh	5%	95%	958
2024	6.75 TWh	8%	91%	924
2025	5.87 TWh	11%	89%	903

Questions about Kosovo's energy

What is Kosovo's energy mix?

In 2025, Kosovo's electricity came from coal 89%, wind 6.6% and hydro 4.1%.

How much of Kosovo's electricity is renewable?

11% of its electricity came from renewables in 2025 (wind 6.6% and hydro 4.1%).

What is Kosovo's main source of electricity?

Coal, which made 89% of its electricity in 2025.

How clean is Kosovo's electricity?

About 903 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2025, far above the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 156th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.

Does Kosovo import electricity?

Yes: in 2025 it imported 1.55 TWh more than it exported, 21% of its demand.

How secure is Kosovo's energy supply?

Global Grid's energy security score for Kosovo is 47 out of 100 (vulnerable), 131st of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.

Other countries in Europe

See every country

Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2025. Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).