Global GridMontenegro's energy mix and electricity
🇲🇪 In 2025, Montenegro generated 2.46 TWh of electricity. The largest source was hydro at 59%, followed by coal (24%) and wind (11%). In total, 76% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 24% from fossil fuels.
On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 264 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), below the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Montenegro the 55th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Electricity demand was 3.49 TWh. Montenegro imported 1.03 TWh more electricity than it exported, equal to 30% of its demand.
Since 2005, electricity generation has fallen by 14%, from 2.87 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 65% to 76%. The biggest rise was in wind, from 0% to 11% of generation. The biggest fall was in coal, from 35% to 24%. Carbon intensity fell from 369 to 264 grams per kWh.
Live, hour-by-hour figures for Montenegro are not connected yet. The dashboard shows its yearly figures, energy mix since 2000 and interconnector trade.
Energy mix in 2025
- Hydro 59%
- Coal 24%
- Wind 11%
- Solar 5.7%
| Source | Share | Generated |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 59% | 1.44 TWh |
| Coal | 24% | 0.60 TWh |
| Wind | 11% | 0.28 TWh |
| Solar | 5.7% | 0.14 TWh |
Energy security score
Moderate. Montenegro ranks 72nd of 158 countries and 19th of 39 in Europe. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted. It is based on 4 of the 5 measures.
| Measure | Score |
|---|---|
| Produces its own energy No reliable figure exists for Montenegro, so this measure is left out and the other four count for more. | n/a |
| Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, hydro, made 59%. | 65 |
| Little reliance on imported power Net imports were 30% of demand; each 1% takes off 2 points. | 41 |
| Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 76% of generation. | 76 |
| Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 0% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share. | 100 |
The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.
Oil and gas pipelines
Global Energy Monitor lists 0 km of oil and gas pipelines operating in Montenegro, 0 km being built and 499 km proposed (lengths measured along the mapped routes; a pipeline crossing borders counts in full for each country). For liquefied natural gas (LNG), shipped by sea, it lists 0 import terminals operating (1 more being built or proposed).
See them on the interactive map · Pipelines around the world
How it has changed
| Year | Generated | Low-carbon | Fossil | CO₂ g/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 | 2.87 TWh | 65% | 35% | 369 |
| 2010 | 4.02 TWh | 68% | 32% | 338 |
| 2015 | 3.00 TWh | 50% | 50% | 523 |
| 2020 | 3.39 TWh | 52% | 48% | 496 |
| 2024 | 3.53 TWh | 60% | 41% | 422 |
| 2025 | 2.46 TWh | 76% | 24% | 264 |
Questions about Montenegro's energy
What is Montenegro's energy mix?
In 2025, Montenegro's electricity came from hydro 59%, coal 24%, wind 11% and solar 5.7%.
How much of Montenegro's electricity is renewable?
76% of its electricity came from renewables in 2025 (hydro 59%, wind 11% and solar 5.7%).
What is Montenegro's main source of electricity?
Hydro, which made 59% of its electricity in 2025.
How clean is Montenegro's electricity?
About 264 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2025, below the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 55th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Does Montenegro import electricity?
Yes: in 2025 it imported 1.03 TWh more than it exported, 30% of its demand.
How secure is Montenegro's energy supply?
Global Grid's energy security score for Montenegro is 68 out of 100 (moderate), 72nd of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.
Other countries in Europe
Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2025; pipelines and LNG terminals from Global Energy Monitor's Global Oil Infrastructure Tracker (June 2026 release) and Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker (November 2025 release) (CC BY 4.0). Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).