Global GridIreland's energy mix and electricity
🇮🇪 In 2025, Ireland generated 30.9 TWh of electricity. The largest source was gas at 48%, followed by wind (38%) and solar (4.8%). In total, 48% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 52% from fossil fuels.
On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 256 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), below the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Ireland the 53rd cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Electricity demand was 37.1 TWh. Ireland imported 6.13 TWh more electricity than it exported, equal to 17% of its demand.
Since 2000, electricity generation has grown by 31%, from 23.6 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 5% to 48%. The biggest rise was in wind, from 1% to 38% of generation. The biggest fall was in coal, from 29% to 0%. Carbon intensity fell from 633 to 256 grams per kWh.
Live, hour-by-hour figures for Ireland are not connected yet. The dashboard shows its yearly figures, energy mix since 2000 and interconnector trade.
Ireland is linked to Great Britain by two power cables: East-West (500 MW) and Greenlink (504 MW). See every UK interconnector.
Energy mix in 2025
- Gas 48%
- Wind 38%
- Solar 4.8%
- Bioenergy 3.3%
- Oil and other fossil fuels 3%
- Hydro 2.1%
- Coal 0.4%
| Source | Share | Generated |
|---|---|---|
| Gas | 48% | 15.0 TWh |
| Wind | 38% | 11.7 TWh |
| Solar | 4.8% | 1.48 TWh |
| Bioenergy | 3.3% | 1.02 TWh |
| Oil and other fossil fuels | 3% | 0.93 TWh |
| Hydro | 2.1% | 0.65 TWh |
| Coal | 0.4% | 0.12 TWh |
Total energy mix in 2024
Electricity is only part of the energy Ireland uses: fuel for transport, heating and industry counts too. In 2024, Ireland used 182 TWh of energy in all (primary energy). The largest source was oil at 48%, followed by gas (28%) and wind (16%). Fossil fuels made up 78% and low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) 22%.
- Oil 48%
- Gas 28%
- Wind 16%
- Coal 2.7%
- Biofuels 2.4%
- Solar 1.5%
- Other renewables 1.4%
- Hydro 1%
| Source | Share of all energy |
|---|---|
| Oil | 48% |
| Gas | 28% |
| Wind | 16% |
| Coal | 2.7% |
| Biofuels | 2.4% |
| Solar | 1.5% |
| Other renewables | 1.4% |
| Hydro | 1% |
Primary energy, with nuclear and renewable electricity counted as the fuel a power station would need to make it (the "substitution method"). Here "other renewables" is the Energy Institute's "geothermal, biomass and other" power generation, and biofuels are liquid fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. Source: Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0).
Energy security score
Vulnerable. Ireland ranks 129th of 158 countries and 35th of 39 in Europe. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted.
| Measure | Score |
|---|---|
| Produces its own energy In 2024, Ireland produced energy equal to 22% of all the energy it used (100% or more scores full marks). | 22 |
| Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, gas, made 48%. | 69 |
| Little reliance on imported power Net imports were 17% of demand; each 1% takes off 2 points. | 67 |
| Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 48% of generation. | 48 |
| Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 51% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share. | 49 |
The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.
Oil and gas pipelines
Global Energy Monitor lists 2,305 km of oil and gas pipelines operating in Ireland, 0 km being built and 52 km proposed (lengths measured along the mapped routes; a pipeline crossing borders counts in full for each country). For liquefied natural gas (LNG), shipped by sea, it lists 0 import terminals operating (2 more being built or proposed).
See them on the interactive map · Pipelines around the world
How it has changed
| Year | Generated | Low-carbon | Fossil | CO₂ g/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 23.6 TWh | 5% | 95% | 633 |
| 2005 | 25.6 TWh | 8% | 93% | 593 |
| 2010 | 28.2 TWh | 13% | 87% | 479 |
| 2015 | 28.1 TWh | 29% | 71% | 440 |
| 2020 | 32.2 TWh | 43% | 58% | 291 |
| 2024 | 31.1 TWh | 47% | 54% | 271 |
| 2025 | 30.9 TWh | 48% | 51% | 256 |
Questions about Ireland's energy
What is Ireland's energy mix?
In 2025, Ireland's electricity came from gas 48%, wind 38%, solar 4.8% and bioenergy 3.3%. Counting all the energy it uses, including fuel for transport and heating, the mix in 2024 was oil 48%, gas 28%, wind 16% and coal 2.7%.
How much of Ireland's electricity is renewable?
48% of its electricity came from renewables in 2025 (wind 38%, solar 4.8%, bioenergy 3.3% and hydro 2.1%).
What is Ireland's main source of electricity?
Gas, which made 48% of its electricity in 2025.
How clean is Ireland's electricity?
About 256 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2025, below the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 53rd cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Does Ireland import electricity?
Yes: in 2025 it imported 6.13 TWh more than it exported, 17% of its demand.
How secure is Ireland's energy supply?
Global Grid's energy security score for Ireland is 48 out of 100 (vulnerable), 129th of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.
Other countries in Europe
Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2025; energy production and use by source from the Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0), 2024; pipelines and LNG terminals from Global Energy Monitor's Global Oil Infrastructure Tracker (June 2026 release) and Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker (November 2025 release) (CC BY 4.0). Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).