Global GridLuxembourg's energy mix and electricity
🇱🇺 In 2025, Luxembourg generated 1.54 TWh of electricity. The largest source was wind at 31%, followed by solar (31%) and bioenergy (27%). In total, 92% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 8.4% from fossil fuels.
On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 123 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), far below the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Luxembourg the 26th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Electricity demand was 6.47 TWh. Luxembourg imported 4.93 TWh more electricity than it exported, equal to 76% of its demand.
Since 2000, electricity generation has grown by 285%, from 0.40 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 40% to 92%. The biggest rise was in solar, from 0% to 31% of generation. The biggest fall was in gas, from 53% to 4%. Carbon intensity fell from 225 to 123 grams per kWh.
Live, hour-by-hour figures for Luxembourg are not connected yet. The dashboard shows its yearly figures, energy mix since 2000 and interconnector trade.
Energy mix in 2025
- Wind 31%
- Solar 31%
- Bioenergy 27%
- Oil and other fossil fuels 4.5%
- Gas 3.9%
- Hydro 3.2%
| Source | Share | Generated |
|---|---|---|
| Wind | 31% | 0.47 TWh |
| Solar | 31% | 0.47 TWh |
| Bioenergy | 27% | 0.42 TWh |
| Oil and other fossil fuels | 4.5% | 0.07 TWh |
| Gas | 3.9% | 0.06 TWh |
| Hydro | 3.2% | 0.05 TWh |
Total energy mix in 2024
Electricity is only part of the energy Luxembourg uses: fuel for transport, heating and industry counts too. In 2024, Luxembourg used 39.7 TWh of energy in all (primary energy). The largest source was oil at 70%, followed by gas (15%) and other renewables (3.9%). Fossil fuels made up 86% and low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) 14%.
- Oil 70%
- Gas 15%
- Other renewables 3.9%
- Biofuels 3.8%
- Solar 3%
- Wind 2.9%
- Hydro 0.7%
- Coal 0.6%
| Source | Share of all energy |
|---|---|
| Oil | 70% |
| Gas | 15% |
| Other renewables | 3.9% |
| Biofuels | 3.8% |
| Solar | 3% |
| Wind | 2.9% |
| Hydro | 0.7% |
| Coal | 0.6% |
Primary energy, with nuclear and renewable electricity counted as the fuel a power station would need to make it (the "substitution method"). Here "other renewables" is the Energy Institute's "geothermal, biomass and other" power generation, and biofuels are liquid fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. Source: Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0).
Energy security score
Vulnerable. Luxembourg ranks 130th of 158 countries and 36th of 39 in Europe. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted.
| Measure | Score |
|---|---|
| Produces its own energy In 2024, Luxembourg produced energy equal to 14% of all the energy it used (100% or more scores full marks). | 14 |
| Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, wind, made 31%. | 83 |
| Little reliance on imported power Net imports were 76% of demand; each 1% takes off 2 points. | 0 |
| Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 92% of generation. | 92 |
| Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 8.4% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share. | 92 |
The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.
Oil and gas pipelines
Global Energy Monitor lists 4,655 km of oil and gas pipelines operating in Luxembourg, 0 km being built and 0 km proposed (lengths measured along the mapped routes; a pipeline crossing borders counts in full for each country).
See them on the interactive map · Pipelines around the world
How it has changed
| Year | Generated | Low-carbon | Fossil | CO₂ g/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.40 TWh | 40% | 61% | 225 |
| 2005 | 3.35 TWh | 8% | 94% | 313 |
| 2010 | 3.24 TWh | 9% | 92% | 312 |
| 2015 | 1.34 TWh | 34% | 68% | 269 |
| 2020 | 1.22 TWh | 79% | 21% | 164 |
| 2024 | 1.51 TWh | 91% | 10% | 132 |
| 2025 | 1.54 TWh | 92% | 9% | 123 |
Questions about Luxembourg's energy
What is Luxembourg's energy mix?
In 2025, Luxembourg's electricity came from wind 31%, solar 31%, bioenergy 27% and oil and other fossil fuels 4.5%. Counting all the energy it uses, including fuel for transport and heating, the mix in 2024 was oil 70%, gas 15%, other renewables 3.9% and biofuels 3.8%.
How much of Luxembourg's electricity is renewable?
92% of its electricity came from renewables in 2025 (wind 31%, solar 31%, bioenergy 27% and hydro 3.2%).
What is Luxembourg's main source of electricity?
Wind, which made 31% of its electricity in 2025.
How clean is Luxembourg's electricity?
About 123 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2025, far below the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 26th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Does Luxembourg import electricity?
Yes: in 2025 it imported 4.93 TWh more than it exported, 76% of its demand.
How secure is Luxembourg's energy supply?
Global Grid's energy security score for Luxembourg is 48 out of 100 (vulnerable), 130th of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.
Other countries in Europe
Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2025; energy production and use by source from the Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0), 2024; pipelines and LNG terminals from Global Energy Monitor's Global Oil Infrastructure Tracker (June 2026 release) and Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker (November 2025 release) (CC BY 4.0). Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).