Global GridMalaysia's energy mix and electricity
🇲🇾 In 2025, Malaysia generated 201 TWh of electricity. The largest source was coal at 45%, followed by gas (34%) and hydro (18%). In total, 21% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 79% from fossil fuels.
On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 603 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), above the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Malaysia the 126th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Electricity demand was 200 TWh. Malaysia exported 1.18 TWh more electricity than it imported.
Since 2000, electricity generation has grown by 188%, from 69.9 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 11% to 21%. The biggest rise was in coal, from 6% to 45% of generation. The biggest fall was in gas, from 80% to 34%. Carbon intensity rose from 582 to 603 grams per kWh.
Live, hour-by-hour figures for Malaysia are not connected yet. The dashboard shows its yearly figures, energy mix since 2000 and interconnector trade.
Energy mix in 2025
- Coal 45%
- Gas 34%
- Hydro 18%
- Solar 2.2%
- Oil and other fossil fuels 1%
- Bioenergy 0.9%
| Source | Share | Generated |
|---|---|---|
| Coal | 45% | 89.6 TWh |
| Gas | 34% | 67.9 TWh |
| Hydro | 18% | 35.2 TWh |
| Solar | 2.2% | 4.42 TWh |
| Oil and other fossil fuels | 1% | 2.01 TWh |
| Bioenergy | 0.9% | 1.81 TWh |
Total energy mix in 2024
Electricity is only part of the energy Malaysia uses: fuel for transport, heating and industry counts too. In 2024, Malaysia used 1,380 TWh of energy in all (primary energy). The largest source was oil at 36%, followed by gas (34%) and coal (22%). Fossil fuels made up 92% and low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) 8.2%.
- Oil 36%
- Gas 34%
- Coal 22%
- Hydro 6.1%
- Biofuels 1.2%
- Solar 0.6%
- Other renewables 0.3%
| Source | Share of all energy |
|---|---|
| Oil | 36% |
| Gas | 34% |
| Coal | 22% |
| Hydro | 6.1% |
| Biofuels | 1.2% |
| Solar | 0.6% |
| Other renewables | 0.3% |
Primary energy, with nuclear and renewable electricity counted as the fuel a power station would need to make it (the "substitution method"). Here "other renewables" is the Energy Institute's "geothermal, biomass and other" power generation, and biofuels are liquid fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. Source: Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0).
Energy security score
Strong. Malaysia ranks 48th of 158 countries and 8th of 46 in Asia. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted.
| Measure | Score |
|---|---|
| Produces its own energy In 2024, Malaysia produced energy equal to 87% of all the energy it used (100% or more scores full marks). | 87 |
| Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, coal, made 45%. | 74 |
| Little reliance on imported power Malaysia exported more electricity than it imported, so it scores full marks. | 100 |
| Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 21% of generation. | 21 |
| Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 35% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share. | 65 |
The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.
Oil and gas pipelines
Global Energy Monitor lists 2,727 km of oil and gas pipelines operating in Malaysia, 0 km being built and 0 km proposed (lengths measured along the mapped routes; a pipeline crossing borders counts in full for each country). For liquefied natural gas (LNG), shipped by sea, it lists 2 import terminals operating (3 more being built or proposed) and 8 export terminals operating (1 more being built or proposed).
See them on the interactive map · Pipelines around the world
How it has changed
| Year | Generated | Low-carbon | Fossil | CO₂ g/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 69.9 TWh | 11% | 89% | 582 |
| 2005 | 98.8 TWh | 7% | 94% | 652 |
| 2010 | 125 TWh | 6% | 94% | 689 |
| 2015 | 150 TWh | 10% | 90% | 669 |
| 2020 | 174 TWh | 18% | 83% | 635 |
| 2024 | 198 TWh | 20% | 80% | 602 |
| 2025 | 201 TWh | 21% | 80% | 603 |
Questions about Malaysia's energy
What is Malaysia's energy mix?
In 2025, Malaysia's electricity came from coal 45%, gas 34%, hydro 18% and solar 2.2%. Counting all the energy it uses, including fuel for transport and heating, the mix in 2024 was oil 36%, gas 34%, coal 22% and hydro 6.1%.
How much of Malaysia's electricity is renewable?
21% of its electricity came from renewables in 2025 (hydro 18%, solar 2.2% and bioenergy 0.9%).
What is Malaysia's main source of electricity?
Coal, which made 45% of its electricity in 2025.
How clean is Malaysia's electricity?
About 603 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2025, above the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 126th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Does Malaysia import electricity?
It is a net exporter: in 2025 it exported 1.18 TWh more electricity than it imported.
How secure is Malaysia's energy supply?
Global Grid's energy security score for Malaysia is 74 out of 100 (strong), 48th of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.
Other countries in Asia
Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2025; energy production and use by source from the Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0), 2024; pipelines and LNG terminals from Global Energy Monitor's Global Oil Infrastructure Tracker (June 2026 release) and Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker (November 2025 release) (CC BY 4.0). Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).