Global GridTaiwan's energy mix and electricity
🇹🇼 In 2025, Taiwan generated 289 TWh of electricity. The largest source was gas at 49%, followed by coal (36%) and solar (5.6%). In total, 14% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 87% from fossil fuels.
On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 634 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), above the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Taiwan the 129th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Electricity demand was 289 TWh. Its electricity imports and exports were roughly in balance.
Since 2000, electricity generation has grown by 56%, from 185 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 25% to 14%. The biggest rise was in gas, from 10% to 49% of generation. The biggest fall was in nuclear, from 21% to 1%.
Live, hour-by-hour figures for Taiwan are not connected yet. The dashboard shows its yearly figures, energy mix since 2000 and interconnector trade.
Energy mix in 2025
- Gas 49%
- Coal 36%
- Solar 5.6%
- Wind 4.2%
- Hydro 1.9%
- Oil and other fossil fuels 1.6%
- Nuclear 1.1%
- Bioenergy 0.7%
| Source | Share | Generated |
|---|---|---|
| Gas | 49% | 141 TWh |
| Coal | 36% | 105 TWh |
| Solar | 5.6% | 16.2 TWh |
| Wind | 4.2% | 12.1 TWh |
| Hydro | 1.9% | 5.49 TWh |
| Oil and other fossil fuels | 1.6% | 4.62 TWh |
| Nuclear | 1.1% | 3.18 TWh |
| Bioenergy | 0.7% | 2.02 TWh |
Total energy mix in 2024
Electricity is only part of the energy Taiwan uses: fuel for transport, heating and industry counts too. In 2024, Taiwan used 1,250 TWh of energy in all (primary energy). The largest source was oil at 36%, followed by coal (32%) and gas (24%). Fossil fuels made up 91% and low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) 8.6%.
- Oil 36%
- Coal 32%
- Gas 24%
- Solar 2.9%
- Nuclear 2.4%
- Wind 2%
- Hydro 0.8%
- Other renewables 0.5%
| Source | Share of all energy |
|---|---|
| Oil | 36% |
| Coal | 32% |
| Gas | 24% |
| Solar | 2.9% |
| Nuclear | 2.4% |
| Wind | 2% |
| Hydro | 0.8% |
| Other renewables | 0.5% |
Primary energy, with nuclear and renewable electricity counted as the fuel a power station would need to make it (the "substitution method"). Here "other renewables" is the Energy Institute's "geothermal, biomass and other" power generation, and biofuels are liquid fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. Source: Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0).
Energy security score
Vulnerable. Taiwan ranks 136th of 158 countries and 38th of 46 in Asia. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted.
| Measure | Score |
|---|---|
| Produces its own energy In 2024, Taiwan produced energy equal to 9% of all the energy it used (100% or more scores full marks). | 9 |
| Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, gas, made 49%. | 70 |
| Little reliance on imported power Taiwan exported more electricity than it imported, so it scores full marks. | 100 |
| Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 14% of generation. | 14 |
| Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 50% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share. | 50 |
The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.
Oil and gas pipelines
Global Energy Monitor lists 876 km of oil and gas pipelines operating in Taiwan, 0 km being built and 324 km proposed (lengths measured along the mapped routes; a pipeline crossing borders counts in full for each country). For liquefied natural gas (LNG), shipped by sea, it lists 8 import terminals operating (8 more being built or proposed).
See them on the interactive map · Pipelines around the world
How it has changed
| Year | Generated | Low-carbon | Fossil | CO₂ g/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 185 TWh | 25% | 76% | 635 |
| 2005 | 228 TWh | 21% | 80% | 665 |
| 2010 | 247 TWh | 20% | 81% | 653 |
| 2015 | 258 TWh | 18% | 82% | 651 |
| 2020 | 280 TWh | 16% | 84% | 648 |
| 2024 | 289 TWh | 16% | 85% | 636 |
| 2025 | 289 TWh | 14% | 87% | 634 |
Questions about Taiwan's energy
What is Taiwan's energy mix?
In 2025, Taiwan's electricity came from gas 49%, coal 36%, solar 5.6% and wind 4.2%. Counting all the energy it uses, including fuel for transport and heating, the mix in 2024 was oil 36%, coal 32%, gas 24% and solar 2.9%.
How much of Taiwan's electricity is renewable?
12% of its electricity came from renewables in 2025 (solar 5.6%, wind 4.2%, hydro 1.9% and bioenergy 0.7%). Including nuclear power, 14% of its electricity was low-carbon.
What is Taiwan's main source of electricity?
Gas, which made 49% of its electricity in 2025.
How clean is Taiwan's electricity?
About 634 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2025, above the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 129th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Does Taiwan import electricity?
Its imports and exports were roughly in balance in 2025.
How secure is Taiwan's energy supply?
Global Grid's energy security score for Taiwan is 46 out of 100 (vulnerable), 136th of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.
Other countries in Asia
Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2025; energy production and use by source from the Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0), 2024; pipelines and LNG terminals from Global Energy Monitor's Global Oil Infrastructure Tracker (June 2026 release) and Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker (November 2025 release) (CC BY 4.0). Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).