Global GridSingapore's energy mix and electricity
🇸🇬 In 2025, Singapore generated 60.1 TWh of electricity. Almost all of it, 91%, came from gas. In total, 5.5% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 94% from fossil fuels.
On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 497 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), close to the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Singapore the 96th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Electricity demand was 60.4 TWh. Singapore imported 0.29 TWh more electricity than it exported, equal to 0.5% of its demand.
Since 2000, electricity generation has grown by 90%, from 31.7 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 2% to 6%. The biggest rise was in gas, from 19% to 91% of generation. The biggest fall was in oil and other fossil fuels, from 80% to 2%. Carbon intensity fell from 657 to 497 grams per kWh.
Live, hour-by-hour figures for Singapore are not connected yet. The dashboard shows its yearly figures, energy mix since 2000 and interconnector trade.
Energy mix in 2025
- Gas 91%
- Bioenergy 2.8%
- Solar 2.7%
- Oil and other fossil fuels 2.4%
- Coal 0.9%
| Source | Share | Generated |
|---|---|---|
| Gas | 91% | 54.8 TWh |
| Bioenergy | 2.8% | 1.68 TWh |
| Solar | 2.7% | 1.62 TWh |
| Oil and other fossil fuels | 2.4% | 1.44 TWh |
| Coal | 0.9% | 0.54 TWh |
Total energy mix in 2024
Electricity is only part of the energy Singapore uses: fuel for transport, heating and industry counts too. In 2024, Singapore used 1,050 TWh of energy in all (primary energy). The largest source was oil at 87%, followed by gas (12%). Fossil fuels made up 99% and low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) 0.6%.
- Oil 87%
- Gas 12%
- Coal 0.3%
- Solar 0.3%
- Other renewables 0.3%
| Source | Share of all energy |
|---|---|
| Oil | 87% |
| Gas | 12% |
| Coal | 0.3% |
| Solar | 0.3% |
| Other renewables | 0.3% |
Primary energy, with nuclear and renewable electricity counted as the fuel a power station would need to make it (the "substitution method"). Here "other renewables" is the Energy Institute's "geothermal, biomass and other" power generation, and biofuels are liquid fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. Source: Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0).
Energy security score
Vulnerable. Singapore ranks 156th of 158 countries and 46th of 46 in Asia. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted.
| Measure | Score |
|---|---|
| Produces its own energy In 2024, Singapore produced energy equal to 1% of all the energy it used (100% or more scores full marks). | 1 |
| Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, gas, made 91%. | 19 |
| Little reliance on imported power Net imports were 0.5% of demand; each 1% takes off 2 points. | 99 |
| Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 5.5% of generation. | 6 |
| Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 94% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share. | 7 |
The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.
Oil and gas pipelines
Global Energy Monitor lists 1,035 km of oil and gas pipelines operating in Singapore, 0 km being built and 0 km proposed (lengths measured along the mapped routes; a pipeline crossing borders counts in full for each country). For liquefied natural gas (LNG), shipped by sea, it lists 3 import terminals operating (1 more being built or proposed).
See them on the interactive map · Pipelines around the world
How it has changed
| Year | Generated | Low-carbon | Fossil | CO₂ g/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 31.7 TWh | 2% | 99% | 657 |
| 2005 | 38.2 TWh | 3% | 97% | 546 |
| 2010 | 45.4 TWh | 3% | 97% | 540 |
| 2015 | 50.3 TWh | 3% | 97% | 507 |
| 2020 | 53.1 TWh | 3% | 97% | 505 |
| 2024 | 59.6 TWh | 5% | 95% | 499 |
| 2025 | 60.1 TWh | 6% | 94% | 497 |
Questions about Singapore's energy
What is Singapore's energy mix?
In 2025, Singapore's electricity came from gas 91%, bioenergy 2.8%, solar 2.7% and oil and other fossil fuels 2.4%. Counting all the energy it uses, including fuel for transport and heating, the mix in 2024 was oil 87% and gas 12%.
How much of Singapore's electricity is renewable?
5.5% of its electricity came from renewables in 2025 (bioenergy 2.8% and solar 2.7%).
What is Singapore's main source of electricity?
Gas, which made 91% of its electricity in 2025.
How clean is Singapore's electricity?
About 497 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2025, close to the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 96th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Does Singapore import electricity?
Yes: in 2025 it imported 0.29 TWh more than it exported, 0.5% of its demand.
How secure is Singapore's energy supply?
Global Grid's energy security score for Singapore is 26 out of 100 (vulnerable), 156th of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.
Other countries in Asia
Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2025; energy production and use by source from the Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0), 2024; pipelines and LNG terminals from Global Energy Monitor's Global Oil Infrastructure Tracker (June 2026 release) and Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker (November 2025 release) (CC BY 4.0). Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).