Global GridSlovakia's energy mix and electricity
🇸🇰 In 2025, Slovakia generated 29.1 TWh of electricity. The largest source was nuclear at 66%, followed by gas (11%) and hydro (11%). In total, 85% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 15% from fossil fuels.
On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 95 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), far below the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Slovakia the 21st cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Electricity demand was 26.7 TWh. Slovakia exported 2.35 TWh more electricity than it imported.
Since 2000, electricity generation has fallen by 5.5%, from 30.8 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 69% to 84%. The biggest rise was in nuclear, from 54% to 66% of generation. The biggest fall was in coal, from 18% to 1%. Carbon intensity fell from 251 to 95 grams per kWh.
Live, hour-by-hour figures for Slovakia are not connected yet. The dashboard shows its yearly figures, energy mix since 2000 and interconnector trade.
Energy mix in 2025
- Nuclear 66%
- Gas 11%
- Hydro 11%
- Bioenergy 5.4%
- Oil and other fossil fuels 2.5%
- Solar 2.4%
- Coal 1.1%
| Source | Share | Generated |
|---|---|---|
| Nuclear | 66% | 19.3 TWh |
| Gas | 11% | 3.29 TWh |
| Hydro | 11% | 3.17 TWh |
| Bioenergy | 5.4% | 1.57 TWh |
| Oil and other fossil fuels | 2.5% | 0.73 TWh |
| Solar | 2.4% | 0.70 TWh |
| Coal | 1.1% | 0.32 TWh |
Total energy mix in 2024
Electricity is only part of the energy Slovakia uses: fuel for transport, heating and industry counts too. In 2024, Slovakia used 181 TWh of energy in all (primary energy). The largest source was oil at 27%, followed by nuclear (25%) and gas (24%). Fossil fuels made up 64% and low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) 36%.
- Oil 27%
- Nuclear 25%
- Gas 24%
- Coal 12%
- Hydro 6.7%
- Other renewables 2.5%
- Biofuels 1.1%
- Solar 0.9%
| Source | Share of all energy |
|---|---|
| Oil | 27% |
| Nuclear | 25% |
| Gas | 24% |
| Coal | 12% |
| Hydro | 6.7% |
| Other renewables | 2.5% |
| Biofuels | 1.1% |
| Solar | 0.9% |
Primary energy, with nuclear and renewable electricity counted as the fuel a power station would need to make it (the "substitution method"). Here "other renewables" is the Energy Institute's "geothermal, biomass and other" power generation, and biofuels are liquid fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. Source: Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0).
Energy security score
Moderate. Slovakia ranks 74th of 158 countries and 20th of 39 in Europe. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted.
| Measure | Score |
|---|---|
| Produces its own energy In 2024, Slovakia produced energy equal to 36% of all the energy it used (100% or more scores full marks). | 36 |
| Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, nuclear, made 66%. | 60 |
| Little reliance on imported power Slovakia exported more electricity than it imported, so it scores full marks. | 100 |
| Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 85% of generation. | 85 |
| Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 14% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share. | 86 |
The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.
Oil and gas pipelines
Global Energy Monitor lists 2,306 km of oil and gas pipelines operating in Slovakia, 0 km being built and 1,152 km proposed (lengths measured along the mapped routes; a pipeline crossing borders counts in full for each country).
See them on the interactive map · Pipelines around the world
How it has changed
| Year | Generated | Low-carbon | Fossil | CO₂ g/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 30.8 TWh | 69% | 32% | 251 |
| 2005 | 31.3 TWh | 72% | 29% | 239 |
| 2010 | 27.5 TWh | 74% | 25% | 205 |
| 2015 | 26.6 TWh | 80% | 21% | 177 |
| 2020 | 28.5 TWh | 78% | 23% | 159 |
| 2024 | 29.5 TWh | 85% | 15% | 97 |
| 2025 | 29.1 TWh | 84% | 15% | 95 |
Questions about Slovakia's energy
What is Slovakia's energy mix?
In 2025, Slovakia's electricity came from nuclear 66%, gas 11%, hydro 11% and bioenergy 5.4%. Counting all the energy it uses, including fuel for transport and heating, the mix in 2024 was oil 27%, nuclear 25%, gas 24% and coal 12%.
How much of Slovakia's electricity is renewable?
19% of its electricity came from renewables in 2025 (hydro 11%, bioenergy 5.4% and solar 2.4%). Including nuclear power, 85% of its electricity was low-carbon.
What is Slovakia's main source of electricity?
Nuclear, which made 66% of its electricity in 2025.
How clean is Slovakia's electricity?
About 95 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2025, far below the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 21st cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Does Slovakia import electricity?
It is a net exporter: in 2025 it exported 2.35 TWh more electricity than it imported.
How secure is Slovakia's energy supply?
Global Grid's energy security score for Slovakia is 68 out of 100 (moderate), 74th of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.
Other countries in Europe
Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2025; energy production and use by source from the Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0), 2024; pipelines and LNG terminals from Global Energy Monitor's Global Oil Infrastructure Tracker (June 2026 release) and Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker (November 2025 release) (CC BY 4.0). Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).