Global GridSweden's energy mix and electricity
🇸🇪 In 2025, Sweden generated 170 TWh of electricity. The largest source was hydro at 40%, followed by nuclear (27%) and wind (23%). In total, 99% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 1.3% from fossil fuels.
On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 35 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), far below the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Sweden the 9th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Electricity demand was 137 TWh. Sweden exported 33.6 TWh more electricity than it imported.
Since 2000, electricity generation has grown by 17%, from 145 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 97% to 99%. The biggest rise was in wind, from 0% to 23% of generation. The biggest fall was in hydro, from 54% to 40%. Carbon intensity fell from 45 to 35 grams per kWh.
Live figures for Sweden, updated about every hour, are on the live dashboard.
Energy mix in 2025
- Hydro 40%
- Nuclear 27%
- Wind 23%
- Bioenergy 5.8%
- Solar 2.6%
- Oil and other fossil fuels 1.2%
- Gas 0.1%
| Source | Share | Generated |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 40% | 68.2 TWh |
| Nuclear | 27% | 46.6 TWh |
| Wind | 23% | 38.8 TWh |
| Bioenergy | 5.8% | 9.86 TWh |
| Solar | 2.6% | 4.42 TWh |
| Oil and other fossil fuels | 1.2% | 2.04 TWh |
| Gas | 0.1% | 0.17 TWh |
Total energy mix in 2024
Electricity is only part of the energy Sweden uses: fuel for transport, heating and industry counts too. In 2024, Sweden used 610 TWh of energy in all (primary energy). The largest source was hydro at 27%, followed by oil (23%) and nuclear (21%). Fossil fuels made up 28% and low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) 72%.
- Hydro 27%
- Oil 23%
- Nuclear 21%
- Wind 17%
- Other renewables 5.5%
- Coal 3.2%
- Solar 1.7%
- Gas 1.6%
- Biofuels 0.7%
| Source | Share of all energy |
|---|---|
| Hydro | 27% |
| Oil | 23% |
| Nuclear | 21% |
| Wind | 17% |
| Other renewables | 5.5% |
| Coal | 3.2% |
| Solar | 1.7% |
| Gas | 1.6% |
| Biofuels | 0.7% |
Primary energy, with nuclear and renewable electricity counted as the fuel a power station would need to make it (the "substitution method"). Here "other renewables" is the Energy Institute's "geothermal, biomass and other" power generation, and biofuels are liquid fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. Source: Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0).
Energy security score
Strong. Sweden ranks 4th of 158 countries and 1st of 39 in Europe. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted.
| Measure | Score |
|---|---|
| Produces its own energy In 2024, Sweden produced energy equal to 70% of all the energy it used (100% or more scores full marks). | 70 |
| Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, hydro, made 40%. | 80 |
| Little reliance on imported power Sweden exported more electricity than it imported, so it scores full marks. | 100 |
| Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 99% of generation. | 99 |
| Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 1.3% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share. | 99 |
The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.
Oil and gas pipelines
Global Energy Monitor lists 1,089 km of oil and gas pipelines operating in Sweden, 0 km being built and 0 km proposed (lengths measured along the mapped routes; a pipeline crossing borders counts in full for each country). For liquefied natural gas (LNG), shipped by sea, it lists 2 import terminals operating (0 more being built or proposed).
See them on the interactive map · Pipelines around the world
How it has changed
| Year | Generated | Low-carbon | Fossil | CO₂ g/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 145 TWh | 97% | 3% | 45 |
| 2005 | 158 TWh | 98% | 2% | 43 |
| 2010 | 148 TWh | 94% | 6% | 64 |
| 2015 | 162 TWh | 99% | 1% | 41 |
| 2020 | 164 TWh | 99% | 1% | 39 |
| 2024 | 172 TWh | 99% | 1% | 35 |
| 2025 | 170 TWh | 99% | 1% | 35 |
Questions about Sweden's energy
What is Sweden's energy mix?
In 2025, Sweden's electricity came from hydro 40%, nuclear 27%, wind 23% and bioenergy 5.8%. Counting all the energy it uses, including fuel for transport and heating, the mix in 2024 was hydro 27%, oil 23%, nuclear 21% and wind 17%.
How much of Sweden's electricity is renewable?
71% of its electricity came from renewables in 2025 (hydro 40%, wind 23%, bioenergy 5.8% and solar 2.6%). Including nuclear power, 99% of its electricity was low-carbon.
What is Sweden's main source of electricity?
Hydro, which made 40% of its electricity in 2025.
How clean is Sweden's electricity?
About 35 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2025, far below the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 9th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Does Sweden import electricity?
It is a net exporter: in 2025 it exported 33.6 TWh more electricity than it imported.
How secure is Sweden's energy supply?
Global Grid's energy security score for Sweden is 87 out of 100 (strong), 4th of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.
Other countries in Europe
Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2025; energy production and use by source from the Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0), 2024; pipelines and LNG terminals from Global Energy Monitor's Global Oil Infrastructure Tracker (June 2026 release) and Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker (November 2025 release) (CC BY 4.0). Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).