Global GridNorway's energy mix and electricity
🇳🇴 In 2025, Norway generated 161 TWh of electricity. Almost all of it, 90%, came from hydro. In total, 99% came from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) and 1% from fossil fuels.
On average, each kilowatt hour produced about 28 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂), far below the world average of 458 grams in 2025. That makes Norway the 8th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Electricity demand was 138 TWh. Norway exported 23.1 TWh more electricity than it imported.
Since 2000, electricity generation has grown by 13%, from 143 TWh. The low-carbon share went from 100% to 98%. The biggest rise was in wind, from 0% to 8% of generation. The biggest fall was in hydro, from 100% to 90%.
Live figures for Norway, updated about every hour, are on the live dashboard.
Norway is linked to Great Britain by an undersea power cable: North Sea Link (1,400 MW). See every UK interconnector.
Energy mix in 2025
- Hydro 90%
- Wind 8.4%
- Gas 0.6%
- Oil and other fossil fuels 0.4%
- Solar 0.3%
- Bioenergy 0.1%
- Other renewables 0.1%
| Source | Share | Generated |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 90% | 145 TWh |
| Wind | 8.4% | 13.5 TWh |
| Gas | 0.6% | 0.97 TWh |
| Oil and other fossil fuels | 0.4% | 0.64 TWh |
| Solar | 0.3% | 0.48 TWh |
| Bioenergy | 0.1% | 0.16 TWh |
| Other renewables | 0.1% | 0.16 TWh |
Total energy mix in 2024
Electricity is only part of the energy Norway uses: fuel for transport, heating and industry counts too. In 2024, Norway used 556 TWh of energy in all (primary energy). The largest source was hydro at 64%, followed by oil (20%) and wind (6.7%). Fossil fuels made up 28% and low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) 72%.
- Hydro 64%
- Oil 20%
- Wind 6.7%
- Gas 6.3%
- Coal 1.7%
- Biofuels 0.9%
- Solar 0.3%
- Other renewables 0.1%
| Source | Share of all energy |
|---|---|
| Hydro | 64% |
| Oil | 20% |
| Wind | 6.7% |
| Gas | 6.3% |
| Coal | 1.7% |
| Biofuels | 0.9% |
| Solar | 0.3% |
| Other renewables | 0.1% |
Primary energy, with nuclear and renewable electricity counted as the fuel a power station would need to make it (the "substitution method"). Here "other renewables" is the Energy Institute's "geothermal, biomass and other" power generation, and biofuels are liquid fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. Source: Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0).
Energy security score
Strong. Norway ranks 10th of 158 countries and 3rd of 39 in Europe. The score shows how well a country could keep electricity affordable and on if fuel supplies were disrupted.
| Measure | Score |
|---|---|
| Produces its own energy In 2024, Norway produced energy equal to 452% of all the energy it used (100% or more scores full marks). | 100 |
| Variety of power sources How evenly generation is spread across nine sources. The largest, hydro, made 90%. | 21 |
| Little reliance on imported power Norway exported more electricity than it imported, so it scores full marks. | 100 |
| Low-carbon power Nuclear and renewables made 99% of generation. | 99 |
| Low gas and oil use Gas and oil made 1% of generation; the score is 100 minus that share. | 99 |
The five measures are weighted 30%, 20%, 20%, 15% and 15%. How the score works.
Oil and gas pipelines
Global Energy Monitor lists 11,291 km of oil and gas pipelines operating in Norway, 0 km being built and 11 km proposed (lengths measured along the mapped routes; a pipeline crossing borders counts in full for each country). For liquefied natural gas (LNG), shipped by sea, it lists 2 import terminals operating (0 more being built or proposed) and 5 export terminals operating (0 more being built or proposed).
See them on the interactive map · Pipelines around the world
How it has changed
| Year | Generated | Low-carbon | Fossil | CO₂ g/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 143 TWh | 100% | 0% | 26 |
| 2005 | 137 TWh | 99% | 0% | 27 |
| 2010 | 123 TWh | 96% | 4% | 43 |
| 2015 | 143 TWh | 98% | 3% | 34 |
| 2020 | 154 TWh | 98% | 1% | 30 |
| 2024 | 157 TWh | 98% | 2% | 30 |
| 2025 | 161 TWh | 98% | 1% | 28 |
Questions about Norway's energy
What is Norway's energy mix?
In 2025, Norway's electricity came from hydro 90%, wind 8.4% and gas 0.6%. Counting all the energy it uses, including fuel for transport and heating, the mix in 2024 was hydro 64%, oil 20%, wind 6.7% and gas 6.3%.
How much of Norway's electricity is renewable?
99% of its electricity came from renewables in 2025 (hydro 90% and wind 8.4%).
What is Norway's main source of electricity?
Hydro, which made 90% of its electricity in 2025.
How clean is Norway's electricity?
About 28 grams of CO₂ for each kilowatt hour in 2025, far below the world average of 458 grams. It ranks 8th cleanest of 158 countries that generate at least 1 TWh a year.
Does Norway import electricity?
It is a net exporter: in 2025 it exported 23.1 TWh more electricity than it imported.
How secure is Norway's energy supply?
Global Grid's energy security score for Norway is 84 out of 100 (strong), 10th of 158 countries. It looks at how much of its own energy it produces, how varied its power sources are, its reliance on imported power and its use of low-carbon power, gas and oil.
Other countries in Europe
Sources: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), figures up to 2025; energy production and use by source from the Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0), 2024; pipelines and LNG terminals from Global Energy Monitor's Global Oil Infrastructure Tracker (June 2026 release) and Global Gas Infrastructure Tracker (November 2025 release) (CC BY 4.0). Ember's latest-year figures are first estimates and may be revised. TWh: terawatt hours (one billion kWh).